HEYMSFIELD, A.J., P.C. Kennedy, S.T. Massie, C. Schmitt, Z. Wang, S. Haimov, and A. Rangno (2010), Aircraft-Induced Hole Punch and Canal Clouds Inadvertent Cloud Seeding, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 753-766.
Abstract
Passage of commercial aircraft through supercooled altocumulus can induce freezing of droplets by homogenous nucleation and induce holes and channels, increasing the previously accepted range of temperatures for aviationinduced cloud effects.
Research Program
Tropospheric Composition Program (TCP)