79 , 1001 PIs: Dr. Chris Hostetler and Dr. Rich Ferrare Organization: NASA Langley Research Center Instrument Name: NASA HSRL-2 Mission Name: ORACLES-2 1, 1 2017,08, 01 , 2018,02,28 0 UTC_Mid, Second, UTC_Mid_Time 45 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999, -9999 1064_aer_dep, 1064 nm aerosol depolarization ratio, ratio 1064_bsc, 1064 nm aerosol backscatter coefficient, km^-1sr^-1 1064_bsc_Sa, 1064 nm aerosol backscatter ratio used for Sa calculation (averaged similar to extinction coeff.), km^-1sr^-1 1064_bsc_cloud_screened, 1064 nm aerosol backscatter coefficient cloud screened, km^-1sr^-1 1064_bsr, 1064 nm aerosol backscatter scattering ratio, ratio 1064_bsr_cloud_screened, 1064 nm aerosol backscatter scattering ratio cloud screened, ratio 1064_dep, 1064 nm total depolarization ratio, ratio 1064_ext, 1064 nm aerosol extinction coefficient using Sa input values, km^-1 1064_total_attn_bsc, 1064 nm total attenuated backscatter coefficient, km^-1sr^-1 355_AOT_above_cloud, 1064 nm total attenuated backscatter coefficient, km^-1sr^-1 355_AOT_hi, 355 nm Total Optical Thickness (using molecular signal), none 355_AOT_hi_col, 355 nm Cumulative Optical Thickness (using molecular signal, none 355_Sa, aerosol extinction-to-backscatter ratio, sr 355_aer_dep, 355 nm aerosol depolarization ratio, ratio 355_bsc, 355 nm aerosol backscatter coefficient, km^-1sr^-1 355_bsc_Sa, 355 nm aerosol backscatter ratio used for Sa calculation (averaged similar to extinction coeff.), km^-1sr^-1 355_bsc_cloud_screened, 355 nm aerosol backscatter coefficient cloud screened, km^-1sr^-1 355_bsr, 355 nm aerosol backscatter scattering ratio, ratio 355_bsr_cloud_screened, 355 nm aerosol backscatter scattering ratio cloud screened, ratio 355_dep, 355 nm total depolarization ratio, ratio 355_ext, 355 nm aerosol extinction coefficient, km^-1 355_total_attn_bsc, 355 nm total attenuated backscatter coefficient, km^-1sr^-1 532_AOT_above_cloud, 355 nm total attenuated backscatter coefficient, km^-1sr^-1 532_AOT_hi, 532 nm Total Optical Thickness (using molecular signal), none 532_AOT_hi_col, 532 nm Cumulative Optical Thickness (using molecular signal, none 532_Sa, aerosol extinction-to-backscatter ratio, sr 532_aer_dep, 532 nm aerosol depolarization ratio, ratio 532_bsc, 532 nm aerosol backscatter coefficient, km^-1sr^-1 532_bsc_Sa, 532 nm aerosol backscatter ratio used for Sa calcualtion (averaged similar to extinction coeff.), km^-1sr^-1 532_bsc_cloud_screened, 532 nm aerosol backscatter coefficient cloud screened, km^-1sr^-1 532_bsr, 532 nm aerosol backscatter scattering ratio, ratio 532_bsr_cloud_screened, 532 nm aerosol backscatter scattering ratio cloud screened, ratio 532_dep, 532 nm total depolarization ratio, ratio 532_ext, 532 nm aerosol extinction coefficient, km^-1 532_total_attn_bsc, 532 nm total attenuated backscatter coefficient, km^-1sr^-1 Aerosol_ID, HSRL Aerosol Type: 1=Ice, 2=Dusty Mix, 3=Marine, 4=Smoke with some dust, 5=Smoke, 6=Fresh Smoke, 7=Pol. Marine, 8=Dust, None Altitude, Altitude(meters) of data array, m Angstrom_532_355, aerosol angstrom coef VIS UV, ratio Angstrom_Dust, Dust Angstrom Coef, gamma_d, from Sugimoto and Lee, Appl Opt 2006, none Angstrom_Spherical, Spherical Angstrom Coef, gamma_s, from Sugimoto and Lee, Appl Opt 2006, none Dust_Mixing_Ratio, Dust Mixing Ratio, X, as in Sugimoto and Lee, Appl Opt 2006, ratio WVD_1064_532, aerosol backscatter wavelength dependence IR VIS, ratio WVD_532_355, aerosol backscatter wavelength dependence VIS UV, ratio cloud_top_height, Cloud Identification and cloud top height, km mask_low, Low gain signal limit data mask (NaN where low signal), none 1 SPECIAL_COMMENTS: header only for listing DataProduct variables only 20 NORMAL COMMENT: All data products have been interpolated to the same uniform altitude grid (DataProducts/Altitude) and horizontally averaged or interpolated to the GPS times (Nav_Data/gps_time). Additional information is found as attributes in each scientific data set. PI_CONTACT_INFO: Address: MS 420 NASA/LaRC, Hampton, VA 23681; email: chris.a.hostetler@nasa.gov; 757-864-5373 PLATFORM: NASA P-3 Orion LOCATION: GPS latitude, longitude, time, and aircraft altitude included in the nav data records under Nav_Data folder ASSOCIATED_DATA: The atmospheric state products used in the data reduction are from MERRA2 ( http://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/). Specific files are identified in the attributes of the /State/ folder. The Global Land One-kilometer Base Elevation (GLOBE) Digital Elevation Model, Version 1.0. provided surface elevation information (see http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/topo/globe.html) INSTRUMENT_INFO: Multiwavelength High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL) aerosol/cloud measurements DATA_INFO: https://espoarchive.nasa.gov/archive/browse/oracles UNCERTAINTY: Not available for this archive. ULOD_FLAG: -7777 ULOD_VALUE: N/A LLOD_FLAG: -8888 LLOD_VALUE: N/A DM_CONTACT_INFO: sharon.p.burton@nasa.gov, marta.a.fenn@nasa.gov PROJECT_INFO: https://espo.nasa.gov/home/oracles STIPULATIONS_ON_USE: Users of this data are STRONGLY ENCOURAGED to contact the HSRL team before using the data. OTHER COMMENTS: See attributes for each Scientific Data Set for description, units, and resolution information. Some additional challenges in 2017 ORACLES compared to 2016 ORACLES related to operation on the P3 platform lead to occasional artifacts. Data users should be aware that a large variety of products are included and some products have greater inherent accuracy than others. For example, 532 nm backscatter and aerosol depolarization are self-calibrated and have the greatest confidence. 355 nm and 1064 nm products rely on transferring the calibration from 532 nm in a clean part of the atmosphere, so may have artifacts particularly when aerosol reached to within a few km of the aircraft; these are most visible in spectral-dependence products like backscatter-related angstrom exponent (wvd) and spectral ratio of depolarization. 355 nm also has greater uncertainty compared to 2016 ORACLES because temperature and pressure changes in the aircraft led to non-optimal interferometer performance. In general (not just 2017 ORACLES), extinction is at a lower resolution and can be noisier due to the fact that retrievals require a numerical derivative. 1064 extinction includes assumptions and is not as accurate as 355 or 532 nm extinction. Aerosol typing is qualitative only. In particular, we note that the category label ‘smoke with some dust’ has been created for this dataset; in the field archive, this aerosol was miscategorized as ‘urban’. (Some estimated dust properties from Sugimoto and Lee 2006 are available in the file; estimates of dust extinction ratio are available on request.) Finally, note that cloud screening removes most clouds from aerosol-only products, but is not perfect, particularly for sub-visible cloud edges or cirrus. For more details see Hair et al. 2008 (doi: 10.1364/AO.47.006734), Burton et al. 2012 (doi: 10.5194/amt-5-73-2012), Burton et al. 2015 (doi: 10.5194/acp-15-13453-2015), and Burton et al.""Calibration and data examples from a high spectral resolution lidar using a Michelson interferometer"" currently in progress, available on request). REVISION: R1: Final Data. R0: Field Data. UTC_Mid, 1064_aer_dep, 1064_bsc, 1064_bsc_Sa, 1064_bsc_cloud_screened, 1064_bsr, 1064_bsr_cloud_screened, 1064_dep, 1064_ext, 1064_total_attn_bsc, 355_AOT_above_cloud, 355_AOT_hi, 355_AOT_hi_col, 355_Sa, 355_aer_dep, 355_bsc, 355_bsc_Sa, 355_bsc_cloud_screened, 355_bsr, 355_bsr_cloud_screened, 355_dep, 355_ext, 355_total_attn_bsc, 532_AOT_above_cloud, 532_AOT_hi, 532_AOT_hi_col, 532_Sa, 532_aer_dep, 532_bsc, 532_bsc_Sa, 532_bsc_cloud_screened, 532_bsr, 532_bsr_cloud_screened, 532_dep, 532_ext, 532_total_attn_bsc, Aerosol_ID, Altitude, Angstrom_532_355, Angstrom_Dust, Angstrom_Spherical, Dust_Mixing_Ratio, WVD_1064_532, WVD_532_355, cloud_top_height, mask_low 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1